An appraisal of community health nurses’ involvement in reducing hypertension in rural areas of Ondo State
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Background of the Study
Hypertension, often referred to as a "silent killer," is a leading cause of cardiovascular diseases, strokes, and kidney failure globally (Ogunleye et al., 2023). In Nigeria, particularly in rural areas like Ondo State, the prevalence of hypertension is on the rise, and its complications contribute to the increasing burden of chronic diseases (Adesina & Adeyemi, 2024). Community health nurses, as frontline healthcare workers, are integral in the prevention, management, and control of hypertension, especially in rural settings where access to healthcare facilities is often limited.
Community health nurses in rural areas are responsible for promoting healthy lifestyles, conducting routine health screenings, educating the community on the dangers of hypertension, and providing follow-up care for hypertensive patients (Adebayo et al., 2023). In Ondo State, where a significant proportion of the population resides in rural communities, these nurses play a crucial role in bridging the gap in healthcare access and reducing the prevalence of hypertension. However, despite their importance, there is a lack of comprehensive studies examining the specific roles, strategies, and challenges faced by these nurses in tackling hypertension in rural areas.
Rural areas are often characterized by inadequate infrastructure, limited healthcare facilities, and low levels of health literacy, all of which present challenges for community health nurses in their efforts to manage hypertension (Olajide et al., 2025). It is crucial to assess the effectiveness of the interventions used by community health nurses in Ondo State and the impact of these interventions on the community’s health outcomes. Understanding the barriers and facilitators to successful hypertension management in these settings can provide valuable insights into improving the quality of care and designing targeted interventions.
Statement of the Problem
Hypertension remains a major public health issue in rural Ondo State, with a significant portion of the population undiagnosed or inadequately managed (Ogunlaja & Olowu, 2024). While community health nurses have been recognized as key players in hypertension management, there is limited documentation regarding their specific roles and the effectiveness of their interventions in rural areas. The lack of comprehensive data on the strategies used by these nurses and the challenges they face in their work makes it difficult to assess their impact on reducing hypertension rates in the region.
Furthermore, rural communities often face challenges such as low awareness of hypertension, limited access to medical services, and cultural beliefs that may hinder effective hypertension management (Adewale et al., 2023). Without a clear understanding of the role of community health nurses in these contexts, there is a risk that hypertension management strategies may remain ineffective, leading to worsening health outcomes. This study, therefore, seeks to examine the extent of community health nurses’ involvement in hypertension management in rural Ondo State and identify the barriers and challenges they face in delivering effective care.
Objectives of the Study
1. To evaluate the role of community health nurses in managing hypertension in rural areas of Ondo State.
2. To assess the effectiveness of hypertension management strategies used by community health nurses in rural areas.
3. To identify the challenges faced by community health nurses in delivering hypertension care in rural communities.
Research Questions
1. What is the role of community health nurses in managing hypertension in rural areas of Ondo State?
2. How effective are the hypertension management strategies employed by community health nurses in rural Ondo State?
3. What challenges do community health nurses face in delivering hypertension care in rural areas?
Research Hypotheses
1. There is a significant relationship between the role of community health nurses and the reduction in hypertension rates in rural Ondo State.
2. The effectiveness of hypertension management strategies is influenced by the availability of resources and community support.
3. The challenges faced by community health nurses in rural areas significantly impact the success of hypertension management programs.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
The study will focus on community health nurses working in rural areas of Ondo State, Nigeria, specifically evaluating their involvement in hypertension management. The scope is limited to rural communities, which may not fully represent urban healthcare settings. Additionally, time constraints and resource limitations could affect the sample size and the depth of data collection, potentially impacting the generalizability of the findings.
Definitions of Terms
1. Community Health Nurses: Nurses who work in community settings, providing preventive, educational, and curative care, particularly in underserved areas.
2. Hypertension: A chronic medical condition characterized by high blood pressure, which can lead to severe health complications if untreated.
3. Rural Areas: Geographic regions characterized by low population density, limited access to healthcare facilities, and often underdeveloped infrastructure.
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